In order to investigate the deformation characteristics of cylinder liner for a Vtype highly intensified diesel engine, the finite element analysis model of cylinder liner deformation characteristics analysis was built through considering the piston assembly coupling interaction. The structure deformation was solved by using the nonlinear finite element method, the amount of structure deformation was obtained and the importance of considering the coupling effect of piston assembly were also in detail described. The deformation characteristics of longitudinal and different height sections for cylinder liner were further analyzed. The results show that the cylinder head bolt preload and the piston lateral force have great influence on the section deformation of cylinder liner brim and piston top dead point. The middle and lower section deformation of cylinder liner is relatively less, mainly showing an elliptical shape.