Aerodynamic Performance and Reliability Optimization of Compressor Impeller for Diesel Engine

Vehicle Engine ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (4) : 33-39.

LI Qingbin¹,FENG Tao²,LI Heng¹,ZHOU Yi²,CHENG Hui¹,LI Xiongfei¹

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Abstract

To meet the performance-improvement requirements of a China Ⅵ compliant medium and heavy duty diesel engine under full-operating-conditions, a co-optimization of aerodynamic performance and structural reliability was conducted for its matched centrifugal compressor. The meridional contour and blade loading distribution of the impeller were optimized. Three-dimensional flow-field simulation using NUMECA software showed that the optimized compressor achieved synchronous enhancement in pressure ratio and efficiency with a peak-efficiency increase of approximately 3 percentage points. The flow-field analysis indicated that the optimized compressor impeller could achieve a more uniform static-pressure distribution along the flow direction inside the optimized impeller, which effectively suppressed flow losses, especially in the tip-clearance region. Moreover, the mixing loss at the impeller outlet reduced, thereby the diffusion loss in the diffuser reduced. Based on the aerodynamic optimization, the structural reliability design was further performed. The results demonstrated that the stress at critical locations of the optimized impeller decreased by 27% and 67.5% respectively, while the stress at the outlet fillet dropped by more than 10%. A prototype was manufactured via five-axis milling, and the compressor rig tests verified the feasibility of the optimized design. Engine bench comparison tests revealed that the fuel consumption at full-load conditions reduced by 0.6-1.9 percentage points, and the fuel consumption at the best-efficiency-point improved by 1.1 percentage points after using the new compressor. All performance indicators met the technical requirements.

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diesel engine / compressor / impeller / aerodynamic performance / reliability

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LI Qingbin, FENG Tao, LI Heng, ZHOU Yi, CHENG Hui, LI Xiongfei. Aerodynamic Performance and Reliability Optimization of Compressor Impeller for Diesel Engine[J]. Vehicle Engine. 2026, 0(4): 33-39