Exploration and Optimization of Control Strategy for
Hydrogen Recirculation Loop in Fuel Cell

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-2222.2025.05.011

Vehicle Engine ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (5) : 81. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-2222.2025.05.011

Exploration and Optimization of Control Strategy for Hydrogen Recirculation Loop in Fuel Cell

WEI Xiaotong¹，LU Yuhang¹，KONG Hongbing¹，LIU Yu^1,2，HU Jun^1,2

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Abstract

Precise control of operating parameters such as gas flow rate, pressure and humidity in the hydrogen supply system is essential for ensuring long-term stable operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems. Given the complexity and variability of components within the hydrogen circulation loop, the impact of different operating parameters and conditions on the components was studied. Based on the actual hydrogen stoichiometry required by the fuel cell stack and the permissible nitrogen concentration in the anode gas flow, the control strategy was optimized and experimentally validated. The results indicate that increasing the hydrogen pressure at the stack anode inlet and the speed of hydrogen pump can enhance the hydrogen stoichiometric ratio, while increasing the frequency of purge and drainage effectively can reduce nitrogen concentration in the stack anode. Additionally, load changing rate has a relatively minor effect on the flow rates and concentrations of hydrogen and nitrogen in the hydrogen circulation loop. The results provide a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for the control strategy optimization of hydrogen supply system and the operational efficiency and stability improvement of PEMFC systems.

Key words

fuel cell / hydrogen recirculation / control strategy

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WEI Xiaotong, LU Yuhang, KONG Hongbing, LIU Yu, HU Jun. Exploration and Optimization of Control Strategy for Hydrogen Recirculation Loop in Fuel Cell[J]. Vehicle Engine. 2025, 0(5): 81 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-2222.2025.05.011