The material of cast iron for automobile engine cylinder block was prepared with the main raw materials of pig iron, silicon iron, scrap steel and carburizing agent and the alloying element of Mo, Ni, V and Nb. The samples are obtained by sand casting and heat treatment, and then mechanical and wear resistance tests are conducted. The experimental results show that a good comprehensive performance can be achieved with 0.16% addition of Mo and Nb and 0.3% addition of Ni. Accordingly, the tensile strength of prepared cast iron sample is 315.6 MPa, the microhardness is 223 HB, the impact work is 7.6 J/cm², the 60 min wearing abrasion is 0.089 g, and the thermal fatigue life is 985 cycles. The addition of alloying element reduces the gap of pearlite tissue slice spacing in cast iron, and refines the graphite and forms a fine graphite group. In addition, some alloying elements can produce solid solution strengthening effect in the matrix.