Due to the high turbulence intensity and the cycle variation of incylinder flow field for direct injection engine, the flow field calibration of threedimensional model became especially important. The incylinder flow field of an optical engine was measured via a highspeed particle image velocity measurement device and the large eddy simulation was conducted at the same time. Then the results were used to calibrate the engine model. Main modes were extracted through proper orthogonal decomposition and the comprehensive calibration of flow field was conducted from the mode and energy aspects. The typical modes and the cycle variation were further analyzed. By analyzing the coefficient fluctuation of main modes and describing the characteristic differences of flow field containing most energy and local small eddy, the calibration method of incylinder flow field simulation based on the modal correlation coefficient was put forward. The correlation coefficient showed the weight of main flow field modes for test and simulation in mixed proper orthogonal decomposition modes, and the real difference between test and simulation was determined, filling the gaps in flow field calibration.