新型高功率密度柴油机通常采用高转速、高增压、超高喷射压力的技术手段，但是目前针对超高压喷射条件下柴油雾化与着火特性的研究较为缺乏。本研究基于定容燃烧弹试验平台，研究了超高压喷射条件下不同喷射压力（150~250 MPa）、环境压力（4~6 MPa）和环境温度（800~900 K）对柴油喷雾和着火特性的影响。研究结果表明：在超高压喷射条件下，提高喷射压力会促进液相和气相贯穿距的增加，使高温滞燃期缩短，着火点距喷孔轴向距离增大；环境压力的提高会减小液相和气相贯穿距，缩短高温滞燃期和着火点轴向距离；环境温度的提高会使液相贯穿距减小，但对气相贯穿距影响不大，同时也会缩短高温滞燃期和着火点轴向距离。

New diesel engines with high power density usually adopt high speed, high boost pressure and ultra-high injection pressure. However, the researches on diesel atomization and ignition characteristics under ultra-high injection pressure are insufficient. The diesel spray and ignition characteristics under different injection pressures (150-250 MPa), ambient pressures (4-6 MPa) and ambient temperatures (800-900 K) were studied on a constant volume comubstion bomb experimental platform. The results show that under the condition of ultra-high injection pressure, the increase of injection pressure will promote the increase of liquid and gas spray penetration, shorten the high temperature ignition delay and increase the axial ignition position. With the increase of ambient pressure, the liquid and gas spray penetration will decrease, and the high temperature ignition delay and axial ignition position will decrease. The increase of ambient temperature will decrease the liquid spray penetration, but has little effect on the gas spray penetration, and also decrease the high temperature ignition delay and axial ignition position.