摘要
针对混合动力汽车动力电池低温性能差、发动机起动困难的问题，提出了基于动力电池和发动机冷却余热耦合利用方法。利用发动机废热通过相变材料组成的中间换热器加热电池冷却液，动力电池冷却液流入发动机水套直接预热发动机。探讨了电池和发动机冷却液传热规律，构建了余热回收模型，搭建了基于废热循环利用的双向预热模型，利用ANSYS进行了模拟仿真；设计了基于多级串联换热器的双向预热装置，实现了余热双向自动预热功能。开展了混合动力汽车的低温预热试验，结果表明：经电池废热预热后的发动机缸体温度保持在40 ℃，发动机冷却余热则可将电池内部温度保持在30 ℃，有效改善了其工作环境；同时发动机低温起动过程中，HC和CO排放量减少了40%以上，验证了所提方法的优越性。
Abstract
For the issues of poor low-temperature performance of hybrid vehicle power battery and difficulty in engine starting, a method for coupled utilization of waste heat from the power battery and engine cooling system was proposed. The waste heat from the engine was utilized to heat the battery cooling liquid through an intermediate heat exchanger composed of phase change materials, and the heated battery cooling liquid flowed into the engine water jacket to directly preheat the engine. The heat transfer law of battery and engine cooling liquid was discussed, a waste heat recovery model was constructed, a bidirectional preheating model based on waste heat recovery was established, and the simulation was conducted by using ANSYS software. A bidirectional preheating device based on multistage series heat exchanger was designed to achieve automatic bidirectional preheating functionality using waste heat. Low-temperature preheating experiments for hybrid vehicles were finally carried out. The results show that the engine block temperature remains at 40 ℃ after preheating by the battery waste heat, and the engine cooling waste heat maintains the internal battery temperature at 30 ℃, which effectively improves the working environment. Meanwhile, during the engine low-temperature starting process, HC and CO emissions reduce by over 40%, verifying the superiority of the proposed method.
关键词
混合动力汽车 /
发动机 /
动力电池 /
预热 /
余热利用
丁鹏，张美娟，顾骁勇，张鹏博，高粱.
基于余热循环利用的混合动力汽车发动机-动力电池预热研究[J]. 车用发动机. 2025, 0(1): 18-26
DING Peng,ZHANG Meijuan,GU Xiaoyong,ZHANG Pengbo,GAO Liang.
Preheating of Engine-Power Battery for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Waste Heat Recycling Utilization[J]. Vehicle Engine. 2025, 0(1): 18-26
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