对非共沸混合工质的柴油机ORC系统进了研究，提出了一种基于平衡和非平衡权重的热力学高维多目标优化（EMO）方法。研究表明，使用非共沸混合物，可提高换热器中工质和热源的匹配度，苯/甲苯（质量比：60%/40%）的输出功率(W_net)比纯工质提高5.4%~19.2%。敏感性参数分析表明，随着蒸发温度的增大，W_net先增大后减小，热效率(η_th)单调增加，总㶲损(I_zon)单调减少。由于W_net，η_th和I_zon相互矛盾，不存在同时满足这三个指标的运行参数，为此开展高维EMO，利用RPD-NSGA-Ⅱ进行多目标优化并通过TOPSIS进行分析。当基于η_th，W_net和I_zon的平衡权重进行选择，最佳η_th，W_net和I_zon分别为24.07%，72.36 kW和44.66 kW，而柴油机废气能量回收率（η_g）为12.5%；当基于W_net和η_th的非平衡权重进行选择，最佳η_th和W_net分别为22.42%和81.44 kW，对应的I_zon为52.33 kW，η_g为14.07%。可见，基于不同权重的选取能够给出更多的工程选择。

The ORC system of a diesel engine with the non-azeotropic mixture was investigated and  a highdimensional evolutionary multi-objective optimization(EMO) method was proposed based on balanced and unbalanced weights. The results indicate that using non-azeotropic mixtures in the ORC system enhances the match between the working fluid and heat source in the heat exchanger. Compared with the pure working fluid, the output power(W_net) of benzene/toluene (60%/40% mass ratio) increases by 5.4%-19.2%. According to the sensitivity parameter analysis, W_net first increases and then decreases, the thermal efficiency(η_th) monotonically increases, and the total exergy destruction(I_zon) monotonically decreases when the evaporation temperature increases. The W_net, η_th, and I_zon indicators are mutually exclusive, and so there is no operating parameter that satisfies all three indicators simultaneously. Consequently, a high-dimensional EMO method is employed, and multi-objective optimization is performed using RPD-NSGA-Ⅱ and analysis is conducted by TOPSIS. Based on the balanced weight approach, the optimal values forη_th, W_net, and I_zon are 24.07%, 72.36 kW and 44.66 kW respectively with a diesel exhaust gas energy recovery rate(η_g) of 12.5%. On the other hand, choosing unbalanced weights of W_net andη_th results in the optimalη_th and W_net of 22.42% and 81.44 kW, which corresponds to the I_zon andη_g of 52.33 kW and 14.07%. Accordingly, the use of different weight combinations presents more engineering choices.