为建立发动机润滑油油品与电化学阻抗谱之间的关联关系，实现基于电化学响应的油液劣化模式识别，以美孚1号FS 0W30机油为对象，在润滑油劣化机理分析的基础上，针对氧化老化、水分污染、金属磨屑污染、煤质活性炭污染、燃油污染和石英粉末污染等典型劣化模式开展电化学响应特性的试验研究。制备不同劣化模式的油样，通过阻抗谱扫频试验分析各劣化油样的阻抗模值和相位差的变化规律，并采用一种改进型Randles模型对阻抗谱数据进行解析，提取电化学参数以表征油品的性能状态。研究结果表明，改进型Randles模型可用于构造描述润滑油性能劣化状态的电化学指纹，通过对电化学响应特性的监测可实现对油液劣化模式的有效识别与区分，为基于状态的预测性维护提供了强大的技术手段。

In order to establish the correlation between engine lubricating oil and electro-chemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and to achieve oil degradation pattern recognition based on electro-chemical response, Mobil 1 FS 0W-30 engine oil was taken as the object. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of lubricating oil degradation, the experimental research was carried out on the electro-chemical response characteristics of typical degradation modes such as oxidation aging, moisture pollution, metal debris pollution, coal activated carbon pollution, fuel pollution and quartz powder pollution. Oil samples with different degradation modes were prepared, and the impedance mode values and phase differences of each degraded oil sample were analyzed through impedance spectrum frequency scanning test. An improved Randles model was used to analyze the impedance spectrum data, and electro-chemical parameters were extracted to characterize the performance state of oil. The research results indicate that the improved Randles model can be used to construct the electro-chemical fingerprints that describe the degradation state of lubricating oil performance. By monitoring the electro-chemical response characteristics, effective identification and differentiation of oil degradation patterns can be achieved, providing a powerful technical means for state based predictive maintenance.