针对柴油机钨合金平衡重碎裂问题，通过对故障平衡重进行微观表征、成分检测和力学性能测试，分析故障发生机制。分析表明：故障平衡重烧结致密度差，基体材料中存在孔隙，且材料中钨颗粒与黏结相的冶金结合强度较弱，导致材料强度不足；通过断口形貌表征发现，材料断面表现为大面积沿晶断裂，碎裂机制主要为平衡重服役载荷超过材料强度极限时，沿钨钨界面和钨黏结相界面萌生裂纹并扩展，导致平衡重发生过载开裂。针对故障机理提出了防控措施，并验证了防控措施的有效性，为柴油机平衡重的设计及故障分析提供参考。

To address the fracturing issue of tungsten alloy balance weight in diesel engine, the failure mechanism was analyzed through microstructural characterization, chemical composition testing, and mechanical property evaluation. The results indicated that the failure balance weight exhibited poor sintered density with matrix porosity and weak metallurgical bonding between tungsten particles and the binder phase, resulting in insufficient material strength. Fractographic analysis revealed predominant intergranular fracture characteristics, demonstrating that cracks initiated and propagated along tungsten-tungsten interfaces and tungsten-binder interfaces when operational loads exceeded the material strength limit, ultimately causing overload fracture of balance weight. The research proposed and validated preventive measures based on the identified failure mechanism, providing the valuable references for the design and failure analysis of diesel engine balance weights.