空压机作为燃料电池空气供应系统的核心部件，其响应时间、油蒸气含量和耐振性对燃料电池系统的动态变载、使用寿命以及运行可靠性具有重要影响。以某款气浮轴承离心式空压机为研究对象，制定了详细的试验方法，旨在深入研究这三个关键性能指标。结果表明：在响应时间方面，随着节气门开度的减小，压比增大，排气阻力增加，导致空压机启动响应和动态变载响应时间相应增加，不同背压条件对空压机的响应时间具有较大影响。在油蒸气含量方面，提出并实现了一种可操作性强、高效便捷的测试方法，试验表明：不同的气体介质导致含油量测试结果存在差异，因此在考虑空压机“无油指标”时需慎重考虑大气介质中的含油量。在机械负荷方面，致力于为燃料电池发动机用空压机运行可靠性和稳定性提供有效的振动冲击试验方法，结合空压机实际应用工况，开展了非运行、怠速和额定工况下的随机振动试验和非带载机械冲击试验，并对机械完整性、绝缘电阻性和输出性能进行综合评估，结果显示振动冲击试验未对空压机性能产生不利影响。

As the core component of fuel cell air supply system, the response time, oil vapor content and vibration resistance of air compressor have an important impact on the dynamic load, service life and operation reliability of fuel cell system. A detailed test method was developed for a certain air-bearing centrifugal air compressor to further study the three key performance indicators. The results showed that both the pressure ratio and the exhaust resistance increased with the decrease of throttle opening in terms of response time, resulting in the corresponding increase of the starting response and dynamic load response time of air compressor, which had a great impact on the response time of air compressor under different back pressure conditions. In terms of oil vapor content, a feasible, efficient and convenient test method was proposed and realized. The test showed that there were differences in the testing results of oil content caused by different gas media, so the oil content in the atmospheric medium should be carefully considered when considering the "oilfree index" of air compressor. In terms of mechanical load, an effective vibration and shock test method was provided at the effort for the operation reliability and stability of air compressor in fuel cell engine, and random vibration test under non-running, idling and rated working conditions and nonloaded mechanical shock test were conducted by combing with the actual application conditions of air compressor, and comprehensive evaluation of mechanical integrity, insulation resistance and output performance was carried out, and the results showed that the vibration shock test did not adversely affect the performance of air compressor.