为了研究高原缺氧环境下生物质含氧燃料对柴油机性能及燃烧特性的影响，利用大气模拟装置模拟高原环境下的大气压力，进行模拟海拔2 000 m（大气压力为81 kPa）下高压共轨柴油机燃用纯柴油B0（0号柴油）、B20和B50生物柴油-柴油混合燃料的性能试验研究。试验结果表明：在1 200 r/min下，燃用B20和B50时，气缸压力、放热率和气缸温度峰值相比于燃用柴油均下降，达到峰值的时刻提前1°~2°曲轴转角。在2 200 r/min下，燃用B20时，气缸压力、放热率、气缸温度基本呈下降趋势，而燃用B50时，气缸压力、放热率基本呈现下降趋势，但在60%负荷下，缸压和放热率峰值高于燃用纯柴油，上升幅度分别为5%和2.6%。2 200 r/min下，燃用B50时，气缸温度相比于燃用柴油有所上升，最大上升幅度为4%。在2 200 r/min下，燃用B20和B50时，柴油机当量燃油消耗上升，热效率下降。

In order to study the effects of biomass oxygen-containing fuel on diesel engine performance and combustion characteristics at high-altitude anoxic environment, atmosphere simulation device was used to simulate atmospheric pressure at high-altitude environment. The performance test of high-pressure common rail diesel engine fueled with pure diesel B0 (0# diesel), B20 and B50 was carried out at simulated altitude of 2 000 m (atmospheric pressure 81 kPa). The test results show that the incylinder combustion pressure, heat release rate and cylinder temperature peak of B20 and B50 decrease, and they reach the peak at the crank angle advanced by 1°CA to 2°CA at 1 200 r/min. The three parameters of B20 present a downward trend at 2 200 r/min. The cylinder pressure and heat release rate of B50 basically present a downward trend, but they are higher than those of pure diesel at 60% load of 2 200 r/min with 5% and 2.6% increase respectively. The cylinder temperature of B50 also has a maximum increase of 4%. In addition, the equivalent fuel consumption rate increases and the thermal efficiency decreases for B20 and B50 fuel.