针对柴油机传动机构凸轮轴齿轮滑动轴承和惰轮轴承两种典型的滑动轴承磨损问题，通过仿真和试验的方法进行故障原因分析。分析表明：凸轮轴齿轮滑动轴承位于供油末端，在柴油机起动瞬时处于边界摩擦甚至干摩擦状态，是导致异常磨损的主要原因；惰轮轴承处故障原因为润滑结构布置不当导致润滑不良进而磨损。针对不同的故障原因提出改进方案，通过对比分析有效解决了上述问题，为传动机构滑动轴承的设计及故障分析提供参考。

Aiming at the wear problems of camshaft and idler gear sliding bearing in diesel engine driving mechanism, the fault reason was analyzed by simulation and test methods. The analysis shows that the camshaft gear sliding bearing is located at the end of oil supply and in the state of boundary friction or even dry friction at the moment of diesel engine start-up, which is the main cause of abnormal wear. The failure reason of idler gear bearing is that the improper lubrication structure leads to poor lubrication and wear. The improvement is then proposed, and the abovementioned problems are hence effectively solved according to the comparative analysis, which can provide the reference for the design and fault analysis of driving mechanism sliding bearing.