提出了一种质子交换膜燃料电池空气供应系统非线性鲁棒控制方法。控制目标是在阶跃负载电流条件下过氧比和电堆阴极压力调整到期望值，避免燃料电池空气供应系统出现氧气不足的现象，获得最大净功率。建立了面向控制的空气供应系统多输入多输出模型，针对空气供应系统模型中电堆阴极压力不能直接测量和模型具有非线性程度高、耦合性强、参数的不确定性大等特点，设计了非线性鲁棒控制方法，该方法包括微分观测器和基于反馈线性化的非线性鲁棒控制器。进行了仿真试验，验证了模型精度，并在负载电流阶跃变化和系统参数不确定的条件下，验证了微分观测器和燃料电池空气供应系统非线性鲁棒控制方法的鲁棒性和有效性。

A nonlinear robust control method for the air supply system of proton exchange membrane fuel cell was proposed. The task was to control the excess oxygen ratio and the stack cathode pressure to be not less than the expected value under the step load current to avoid oxygen shortage in the air supply system of fuel cell and hence obtain the maximum net power. A control-oriented air supply system model with multiple inputs and outputs was established. A nonlinear robust control method was designed based on the fact that the stack cathode pressure in the air supply system model could not be directly measured and the model had the characteristics of high-degree nonlinearity, strong coupling and much uncertainty of parameters. The method included a differential observer and a nonlinear robust controller based on feedback linearization. The simulation experiments were further carried out to verify the accuracy of the model. In addition, the robustness and effectiveness of differential observer and nonlinear robust control method for the fuel cell air supply system were verified under the conditions of step load current and uncertain system parameters.