利用GT-Power设计柴油机系统模型，结合环境模拟系统结构特征构建了其相应的模型特征，与实际台架模拟系统试验对标验证了模型的有效性，进一步运用模型分析了高原环境条件涉及压力和温度因素时的柴油机固有性能特征，研究了进排气管路系统特征对柴油机性能的影响。结果表明，高原环境条件下的压力因素对柴油机性能的影响大于温度因素。随着模拟压力的下降，柴油机功率下降，二者在高转速工况呈非线性关系。随着环境温度下降，柴油机性能转好，温度对转速1 800 r/min以下工况影响更大。进气压力高于排气压力时，在最大扭矩转速工况，平均单位压力变化会导致功率增加约10 kW；排气压力高于进气压力时，中高转速工况柴油机性能仍能维持，中低转速则直接恶化。进气管路长度、管路直径、管路表面粗糙度的影响程度由大到小依次为直径、长度、表面粗糙度，进气模拟管路直径影响加剧的临界值为0.2 m；排气管路主要是管路直径对柴油机性能的影响，临界值同样为0.2 m。

Based on the designed model of diesel engine with GT-Power software, the modeling characteristics were determined by combining with the structure of highaltitude simulation system, and the model was verified by comparing between simulated and tested results. Then the model was used to analyze the influence of high-altitude pressure and temperature on the intrinsic performance of diesel engine at high altitude. The effect of intake and exhaust pipe system on diesel engine performance was studied. The results show that high-altitude pressure has a greater influence than high-altitude temperature. The output power has a non-linear relationship with air pressure at high speed and will reduce with the decrease of simulated pressure. Diesel engine has a better performance with the decrease of temperature, especially at the speed lower than 1 800 r/min. Diesel engine will run well if intake pressure is higher than exhaust pressure and output the power of 10 kW per unit of increased pressure at best at the speed of maximum torque. Conversely, the performance of diesel engine will deteriorate if intake pressure is lower than exhaust pressure. Diesel engine can continue to run normally at a certain back pressure at medium and high speed, but cannot continue at medium and low speed. The length, diameter and roughness of intake pipe all have the effect on power output and the influencing degree from high to low was diameter, length and roughness. As for the exhaust pipe, the diameter is the main influencing factor. The critical diameter value is 0.2 m for both intake and exhaust pipes.