以三型柴油机为对象，基于跟踪记录的道路载荷数据，分析了柴油机装车在实际高原环境条件行驶呈现的主要特征，并就台架验证不充分的问题设计了高原台架模拟的试验循环。结果表明，柴油机在海拔4 300 m以上实际高原环境地区的运行主要集中在中高转速中高负荷区域，运行转速、排气温度、冷却水温度等参数存在较为严重的超限行为，其中柴油机冷却水温约70%以上时间处于超限状态。此外，柴油机主要工作在大于50%输出功率的区间，高原使用时增压比偏大。设计的高原台架模拟试验循环为600 s的瞬态试验循环，可表征柴油机装车后高原使用时的运行行为。

Based on three kinds of diesel engine, main characteristics shown in real plateau were analyzed and test cycle applied in plateau simulated test bench was developed in order to solve the insufficient verification of engine performance by using the measured data on road. The results show that diesel engine mainly runs at medium and high speed and load at the altitude of 4 300 m and the parameters such as operating speed, exhaust temperature and coolant temperature are beyond the limit. The coolant temperature is beyond the limit during the operation time of more than 70%. In addition, the diesel engine mainly operated in the area of output power larger than 50% and the supercharging ratio in plateau is slightly larger. The designed cycle is a 600 s test cycle, which represents the operating behavior of diesel engine at high altitude.