基于柴油机颗粒捕集器（DPF）沉积过程可视化台架，研究了不同灰分沉积量下的过滤压降，以及灰分粒径与灰分成分对过滤压降的影响。结果表明：灰分沉积时，DPF初始压降增加，并且初始压降随灰分沉积量呈线性关系；当过滤速度在0.02 m/s时，对于5 000目空心微珠、1 250目空心微珠以及α-Al₂O₃，灰分沉积量分别小于4 g/L，5 g/L，3 g/L时，过滤压降明显低于洁净DPF，证明了灰分的沉积可以使过滤压降降低，但当灰分沉积量大于上述值时，过滤压降高于洁净DPF；灰分的粒径相对越大，其过滤压降相对越小，因为大粒径灰分的孔隙率要大于小粒径灰分，颗粒物进入DPF微孔的量相对较少，大粒径灰分起到“覆膜”作用；α-Al₂O₃相对空心微珠过滤压降较大，因为空心微珠是SiO₂与Al₂O₃的混合物，而纯Al₂O₃总体粒径相对更小，更易沉积在DPF微孔中，而小粒径灰分本身就类似颗粒物进入DPF微孔，阻止了更小粒径的颗粒物进入。

Based on the visualized filtration system for diesel particulate filter (DPF), the pressure drops under different ash depositions and the effects of ash particle size and ash content on pressure drop were investigated. The experimental results showed that the initial pressure drop increased linearly with deposited ash volume. While the filtration velocity was 0.02 m/s, the ash depositions for the cenospheres of 5 000 mesh, 1 250 mesh and α-Al₂O₃ were less than 4 g/L, 5 g/L and 3 g/L respectively and the pressure drop was obviously lower than that of clean DPF. This proved that ash deposition in DPF could decrease the pressure drop, but it would increase the pressure drop when ash deposition was beyond the value. The larger particle size of ash would lead to the lower pressure drop because the porosity of ash with the large particle size was greater than that with small particle size and the amount of deposited soot through in the micropores was relatively little due to the film effect of large particle. The pressure drop of α-Al₂O₃ was relatively larger than that of cenospheres because the cenospheres was a mixture of SiO₂ and Al₂O₃. Pure Al₂O₃ was easy to deposit due to its small diameter. The small particle size of ash was similar to engine emitted soot, which deposited in the micropores of DPF and prevented the entering of smaller soot.